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Betting on Bonds Savings bonds still good deal despite longer holding period
Source: Advocate - Baton Rouge
Publication date: 2003-01-27


In October, I urged fixed-income investors to consider buying U.S. Savings Bonds before new rates took effect Nov. 1. But conditions have changed since then. Are savings bonds still a good deal?

Back then, the case for savings bonds went like this:Rates on the Patriot bond, also called the EE bond, were quite generous, 3.96 percent for the first six months. Government-backed savings bonds are extraordinarily safe. Unlike most other bond types, savings bonds guarantee that you get all your principal back, plus interest. Other bonds can fall in value if prevailing interest rates rise and you have to sell.

In fact, Patriot Bonds automatically pay more when interest rates go up, since their yield is recalculated every six months to equal 90 percent of the yield paid by five-year Treasuries.

And finally, you don't have to tie your money up for the long run, even though a savings bond continues to pay interest for 30 years. You can redeem a savings bond as soon as six months after buying it, though you lose the final three months' interest earnings if you do so in the first five years. But that's not so bad.

Well, the rule is changing. Earlier this month, the Treasury Department announced that the minimum holding period will be extended to one year, starting with bonds bought Feb. 1 and later. The change also applies to inflation-indexed "I bonds."Why? Because the government doesn't want you to do one of the things I'd suggested - to redeem early if other investments start to look more appealing.

Had you bought a Patriot bond before Nov. 1, you would earn about 2 percent over the first six months. Give up three months' earnings by redeeming then, and you'd still have made 1 percent - probably more than you could have made in other safe investments.

For example, six-month Treasury bills pay about 0.6 percent over six months, while a six-month certificate of deposit at a typical bank may pay 0.75 percent over that period. (Higher rates listed for these investments are "annualized" rates - what they'd come to over a full year.)In other words, a Patriot bond could be used as an ultrasafe place to park money for the short term despite the early- redemption penalty.

Well, the government doesn't want the hassle and expense involved when investors use savings bonds this way. When it sells a bond, the federal government is borrowing from the bond buyer, and it wants to keep the money longer than six months.

The unusually large "spread," or difference, between the generous rates paid by savings bonds and the lower ones paid by other short- term investments attracts the wrong kind of investor, as the government sees it.

"The new holding period will prevent purchasers from taking advantage of the current spread between savings bond returns and historically low short-term interest rates by cashing in bonds after six months," said the Treasury Department statement. "Savings bonds are designed to be a long-term savings vehicle."Darn!

With this change, are savings bonds still worth considering?

Sure. They're still a safe, convenient way to protect money and benefit from interest-rate increases.

But they're not quite as generous. Patriots sold until May 1 will pay at an annual rate of 3.25 percent for the first six months. That's 0.71 of a percentage point less than the pre-Nov. 1 batch, but it's still pretty good. One-year CDs are averaging about 2 percent.

What about I bonds?

Those bought before May 1 will earn 4.08 percent for the first six months, before beginning their cycle of semiannual adjustments. New rates are set by adding the inflation rate to a "fixed rate" of 1.6 percent, which is good for the life of the bond.

Though the I bond is more generous today, experts think that, as adjustments are made down the line, the low 1.6 percent fixed rate will make them less generous than Patriots in the long run.

Jeff Brown is a columnist for The Philadelphia Inquirer, Box 8263, Philadelphia, PA 19101. His e-mail address is jeff.brown@phillynews.com.

Publication date: 2003-01-27